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Description:
The LRR-RLK family that contains various copies of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) unit in the extracellular domain (ECD) has the largest number of genes in most plant genomes (Dievart et al., 2020). The first LRR-RLK was described in 1992, when Chang et al. cloned the TMK1 (transmembrane kinase 1) gene in Arabidopsis. Given the crucial roles in plant growth, development, and immunity, LRR-RLKs have been extensively studied in the past three decades (Tang et al., 2017), such as BRI1 (BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1) and FLS2 (FLAGELLIN SENSING 2) that activate bacterial flagellin-induced immunity and steroid-mediated growth, respectively. The hidden Markov models (HMMs) used for the LRR-RLK classification include: PF18805, PF18831, PF18837, PF00560, PF07723, PF07725, PF12799, PF13306, PF13516, PF13855, PF14580, PF01463, PF08263, PF01462, and PF20141. Since RLKs that contain both LRR and malectin domains (malectin-like leucine-rich repeat domain and leucine-rich repeat malectin domain) are also defined as LRR-RLKs (Shiu and Bleecker, 2001), HMMs for the malectin domain (PF11721 and PF12819) are also used.

References:
1. Chang C, Schaller GE, Patterson SE, Kwok SF, Meyerowitz EM, Bleecker AB. 1992. The TMK1 gene from Arabidopsis codes for a protein with structural and biochemical characteristics of a receptor protein kinase. Plant Cell. 4(10):1263-71. doi: 10.1105/tpc.4.10.1263. PMID: 1332795.
2. Dievart A, Gottin C, Perin C, Ranwez V, Chantret N. 2020. Origin and diversity of plant receptor-like kinases. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 71:131-156. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-073019-025927. PMID: 32186895.
3. Shiu SH, Bleecker AB. 2001. Receptor-like kinases from Arabidopsis form a monophyletic gene family related to animal receptor kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98(19):10763-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.181141598. PMID: 11526204.
4. Tang D, Wang G, Zhou JM. 2017. Receptor kinases in plant-pathogen interactions: More than pattern recognition. Plant Cell. 29(4):618-637. doi: 10.1105/tpc.16.00891. PMID: 28302675.