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Description:
In 1996, Schulze-Muth et al. cloned a novel RLK in Catharanthus roseus, CrRLK1L (Schulze-Muth et al., 1996), the ECD of which was subsequently shown to be the malectin-like domain (Du et al., 2018). In recent years, CrRLKs and their peptide ligands RALF (rapid alkalinization factor) have attracted much interest. The most studied one is FERONIA (FER), which participates in a wide array of physiological processes, including cell growth and monitoring cell wall integrity, RNA and energy metabolism, and phytohormone and stress responses (Zhu et al., 2021). The hidden Markov models (HMMs) used for the CrRLK classification include: PF11721 and PF12819.

References:
1. Du S, Qu LJ, Xiao J. 2018. Crystal structures of the extracellular domains of the CrRLK1L receptor-like kinases ANXUR1 and ANXUR2. Protein Sci. 27(4):886-892. doi: 10.1002/pro.3381. PMID: 29388293.
2. Schulze-Muth P, Irmler S, Schr?der G, Schr?der J. 1996. Novel type of receptor-like protein kinase from a higher plant (Catharanthus roseus). cDNA, gene, intramolecular autophosphorylation, and identification of a threonine important for auto- and substrate phosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 271(43):26684-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.43.26684. PMID: 8900145.
3. Zhu S, Fu Q, Xu F, Zheng H, Yu F. 2021. New paradigms in cell adaptation: decades of discoveries on the CrRLK1L receptor kinase signalling network. New Phytol. 232(3):1168-1183. doi: 10.1111/nph.17683. PMID: 34424552.